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The term State reform in the Belgian context indicates a process towards finding constitutional and legal solutions for the problems and tensions among the different segments of the Belgian population, mostly Dutch-speakers of Flanders and French-speakers of Wallonia. In general, Belgium evolved from a unitary state to a federal state with communities, regions and language areas.〔''"Belgium is a federal State composed of Communities and Regions."'' – Article 1 of the Belgian Constitution〕 Short overview: *First state reform (1970) – Cultural communities established (Flemish demand). Constitutional foundations for territorial regions (Walloon demand). *Second state reform (1980) – Cultural communities become communities, with more competences related to personal matters. Territorial Flemish and Walloon regions established (Brussels Region later). Communities and Regions get their own Parliaments and Governments. *Third state reform (1988–1989) – Education transferred to communities. Brussels Region established. *Fourth state reform (1993) – Belgium becomes a fully-fledged federal state. Communities and Regions get more freedom and their Parliaments are now directly elected. *Fifth state reform (2001) – More competences to the Regions (agriculture and oversight over local government). Refinancing of the Communities and Regions. *Sixth state reform (2011) – More competences to the Regions and Communities. The constituency of Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde was split. Refinancing of the Communities and Regions. ==Background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「State reform in Belgium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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